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Taking care of your dog’s teeth is one of the simplest things you can do to ensure her a long, happy life. At its least serious stages, dental disease can cause bad breath, bleeding gums, and loose teeth. If it is not treated, it can lead to life-threatening infections of the heart, liver, and kidneys. Though preventive care is relatively easy and inexpensive, the American Veterinary Dental Society reports that by the age of three, 80 percent of dogs show signs of oral disease. Being proactive about dental care will give your dog a head start on lifelong health.

The place to begin is by providing your dog with healthy foods. Generally speaking, dry dog food is better for dental hygiene because it helps to scrape plaque and tartar from your dog’s teeth, and it doesn’t adhere to the teeth as badly as soft food does. Some dog food manufacturers produce special foods specifically for dogs with dental issues. Often, such foods taste particularly good, and can even be used as treats, though dental treats also are available. Dental foods and treats can be bought at pet supply stores, or through most veterinary offices. Dental chews, which usually are larger and tougher than treats, can also be useful items that your dog will enjoy.

The next step is to brush your dog’s teeth at least once a week. Both veterinarians and pet supply stores usually carry toothbrushes or finger sleeves for tooth brushing, but a piece of clean gauze can also work well. Canine toothpastes come in several different flavors, like chicken and beef. It is very important not to substitute human toothpastes, because those products are not edible. Unlike humans, dogs will swallow the toothpaste, which can upset their stomachs.

Whether you begin brushing your dog’s teeth while she is still a puppy, or you are just beginning a dental care regime for an older pet, start by putting a drop of toothpaste on your finger and offering it to your pet. Most dogs will lick it right off your finger and look for more. Then, put a little toothpaste on your chosen tool. Gently lift your dog’s lips up and rub along the gum line, and then over the surfaces of the teeth. Be sure to speak calmly and reassuringly to the dog as you do this, and praise her a lot for being good. Most dogs will learn to tolerate this process, even if they never really learn to love it.

At some point, your dog’s teeth will probably need professional cleaning, though good preventative care can help postpone this inevitability. Your vet will usually begin by examining your dog’s teeth carefully. If there is significant build-up of plaque and tartar, the vet likely will recommend that you bring the dog in for a dental cleaning. Usually, the vet gives the dog a general anesthetic before cleaning her teeth, so many veterinary clinics set aside particular times for doing these procedures. Often, you will be able to bring your pet in early in the morning and pick her up later in the day, after she’s recovered from the anesthetic and the vet is sure there will be no further complications.

Be sure to follow any special instructions your vet gives you prior to dropping your dog off. Usually, animals that are about to receive general anesthetics can’t have food or water past a certain time the night before the procedure. If your vet wants your dog to take antibiotics after her teeth have been cleaned, be sure to follow dosing instructions exactly and make sure the dog takes all the medicine you’ve been given.

Taking these sensible steps will help you keep your dog healthy and happy, and you will have a joyful companion to keep your company for many, many years.

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